Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 27
Filter
1.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 99(6): 546-560, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521159

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To describe the challenges and perspectives of the automation of pain assessment in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Data sources: A search for scientific articles published in the last 10 years on automated neonatal pain assessment was conducted in the main Databases of the Health Area and Engineering Journal Portals, using the descriptors: Pain Measurement, Newborn, Artificial Intelligence, Computer Systems, Software, Automated Facial Recognition. Summary of findings: Fifteen articles were selected and allowed a broad reflection on first, the literature search did not return the various automatic methods that exist to date, and those that exist are not effective enough to replace the human eye; second, computational methods are not yet able to automatically detect pain on partially covered faces and need to be tested during the natural movement of the neonate and with different light intensities; third, for research to advance in this area, databases are needed with more neonatal facial images available for the study of computational methods. Conclusion: There is still a gap between computational methods developed for automated neonatal pain assessment and a practical application that can be used at the bedside in real-time, that is sensitive, specific, and with good accuracy. The studies reviewed described limitations that could be minimized with the development of a tool that identifies pain by analyzing only free facial regions, and the creation and feasibility of a synthetic database of neonatal facial images that is freely available to researchers.

2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(7): 989-996, jul. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389559

ABSTRACT

Background: The flipped classroom is an active method where information in delivered before class and the time allocated for it is dedicated to achieving more complex learning objectives. Diverse resources are used in each phase of the methodology. However, Web 2.0 or "Social Web" tools allow greater personal and remote interaction. Aim: To describe the perception about flipped classroom methodology implemented using web 2.0 tools in 48 medical students from the University Mayor. Material and Methods: The students were invited to view four video-classes available on Edpuzzl. During the activity, questions about the topic were inserted to promote understanding, research, and teamwork, then the topic was discussed using Case-Based Learning through the Quizizz program. A survey composed of 12 closed items and an open question was applied to analyze the perceptions of students. Data were analyzed using the SPSS and Atlas-Ti programs. Results: A high satisfaction rate was observed about the way in which the content, discussion and communication of the information was presented. The methodology encouraged the development of generic competences, but it was not always positively perceived. Conclusions: The flipped classroom methodology developed with Edpuzzle was very well evaluated by students. This teaching method may be particularly useful in the epidemiological context of COVID-19 and other situations which require distant learning.


Subject(s)
Humans , Students, Medical , Education, Distance , Social Media , COVID-19 , Problem-Based Learning , Curriculum , SARS-CoV-2
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 114(4): 718-725, Abr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1131192

ABSTRACT

Resumo Os recentes avanços ao nível de hardware e a crescente exigência de personalização dos cuidados associados às necessidades urgentes de criação de valor para os pacientes contribuíram para que a Inteligência Artificial (IA) promovesse uma mudança significativa de paradigma nas mais diversas áreas do conhecimento médico, em particular em Cardiologia, por sua capacidade de apoiar a tomada de decisões e melhorar o desempenho diagnóstico e prognóstico. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho faz uma revisão não-sistemática dos principais trabalhos publicados sobre IA em Cardiologia, com foco em suas principais aplicações, possíveis impactos e desafios.


Abstract The recent advances at hardware level and the increasing requirement of personalization of care associated with the urgent needs of value creation for the patients has helped Artificial Intelligence (AI) to promote a significant paradigm shift in the most diverse areas of medical knowledge, particularly in Cardiology, for its ability to support decision-making and improve diagnostic and prognostic performance. In this context, the present work does a non-systematic review of the main papers published on AI in Cardiology, focusing on its main applications, potential impacts and challenges.


Subject(s)
Humans , Artificial Intelligence , Cardiology
4.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 73(3): e20180677, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1101509

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate functional performance and technical quality of user embracement software with pediatric risk classification. Method: descriptive exploratory study developed based on the quality requirements set forth in ISO/IEC 25010. The evaluated characteristics were: functional adequacy, reliability, usability, performance efficiency, compatibility, safety, maintainability and portability. Eight specialists from the area of informatics and 13 from nursing participated in the evaluation. The characteristics were considered adequate when they reached more than 70% of indication as very and/or completely appropriate in the evaluations of each group of specialists. Results: The results obtained from the evaluation of informatics and nursing specialists were: functional adequacy (100.0%, 96.2%), reliability (82.6%, 88.5%), usability (84.9%; 98.7%), performance efficiency (93.4%; 96.2%), compatibility (85.0%, 98.1%), safety (91.7%, 100.0%), and, yet, maintainability (95.0%) and portability (87.5%) evaluated by the first ones. Conclusion: the software was considered adequate regarding technical quality and functional performance.


RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el desempeño funcional y la calidad técnica del software para el acogimiento con clasificación de riesgo en pediatría. Método: estudio exploratorio descriptivo, fundamentado en los requisitos de calidad dispuestos en la norma ISO/IEC 25.010. Las siguientes características fueron evaluadas: adecuación funcional, confiabilidad, facilidad de uso, eficiencia del desempeño, compatibilidad, seguridad, manutención y portabilidad. En la evaluación participaron 8 expertos en el área de informática y 13 en enfermería. Se consideradon adecuadas las características cuando habían alcanzado más del 70,0% de indicación como "muy y/o completamente apropiadas" en las evaluaciones de cada grupo de expertos. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos a partir de la evaluación de los expertos en informática y en enfermería fueron respectivamente: adecuación funcional (100,0%; 96,2%); confiabilidad (82,6%; 88,5%); facilidad de uso (84,9%; 98,7%); eficiencia del desempeño (93,4%; 96,2%); compatibilidad (85,0%; 98,1%); seguridad (91,7%; 100,0%); y también manutención (95,0%) y portabilidad (87,5%) evaluados por los primeros. Conclusión: se observó que el software es adecuado en relación con la calidad técnica y el rendimiento funcional.


RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar desempenho funcional e qualidade técnica de software para acolhimento com classificação de risco em pediatria. Método: estudo exploratório descritivo desenvolvido com base nos quesitos de qualidade dispostos na norma ISO/IEC 25010. As características avaliadas foram: adequação funcional, confiabilidade, usabilidade, eficiência de desempenho, compatibilidade, segurança, manutenibilidade e portabilidade. Participaram da avaliação oito especialistas da área de informática e 13 de enfermagem. As características foram consideradas adequadas quando atingiram mais de 70,0% de indicação como muito e/ou completamente apropriadas nas avaliações de cada grupo de especialistas. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos a partir da avaliação dos especialistas de informática e de enfermagem foram respectivamente: adequação funcional (100,0%; 96,2%), confiabilidade (82,6%; 88,5%), usabilidade (84,9%; 98,7%), eficiência de desempenho (93,4%; 96,2%), compatibilidade (85,0%; 98,1%), segurança (91,7%; 100,0%), e, ainda, manutenibilidade (95,0%) e portabilidade (87,5%) avaliados pelos primeiros. Conclusão: o software foi considerado adequado em relação à qualidade técnica e ao desempenho funcional.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Participation/psychology , Risk Assessment/standards , Patient Participation/methods , Software Design , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Risk Assessment/methods
5.
Healthcare Informatics Research ; : 297-304, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-763952

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: In this paper, we present an efficient method to visualize computed tomography (CT) datasets using ambient occlusion, which is a global illumination technique that adds depth cues to the output image. We can change the transfer function (TF) for volume rendering and generate output images in real time. METHODS: In preprocessing, the mean and standard deviation of each local vicinity are calculated. During rendering, the ambient light intensity is calculated. The calculation is accelerated on the assumption that the CT value of the local vicinity of each point follows the normal distribution. We approximate complex TF forms with a smaller number of connected line segments to achieve additional acceleration. Ambient occlusion is combined with the existing local illumination technique to produce images with depth in real time. RESULTS: We tested the proposed method on various CT datasets using hand-drawn TFs. The proposed method enabled real-time rendering that was approximately 40 times faster than the previous method. As a result of comparing the output image quality with that of the conventional method, the average signal-to-noise ratio was approximately 40 dB, and the image quality did not significantly deteriorate. CONCLUSIONS: When rendering CT images with various TFs, the proposed method generated depth-sensing images in real time.


Subject(s)
Acceleration , Computer Systems , Cues , Dataset , Lighting , Mathematical Computing , Methods , Signal-To-Noise Ratio
6.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 22(6): 104-113, nov.-dic. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-985412

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: los servicios de transfusiones - el procesamiento y análisis de los componentes sanguíneos, la recepción de solicitudes de transfusión, las transfusiones de sangre, el registro de reacciones transfusionales y el seguimiento de los pacientes transfundidos - en el Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" generan a diario un gran volumen de información. La informatización permitirá: optimizar el uso de las unidades de sangre, un mejor seguimiento de los pacientes transfundidos, además de agilizar el proceso de toma de decisiones. Objetivo: desarrollar una herramienta informática y una base de datos asociada que contribuyan al Proceso de gestión de la información asociada a las transfusiones de sangre realizadas en el Hospital General Docente Abel Santamaría Cuadrado, en la provincia de Pinar del Río. Métodos: se trató de una Investigación de Innovación Tecnológica sobre el proceso de gestión de las transfusiones en el hospital seleccionado de Pinar del Río, aplicando métodos teóricos como el histórico-lógico y el análisis de los documentos relacionados con dicho proceso, además se ha utilizado la Programación Extrema o Extreme Programming como metodología de desarrollo y las especificaciones del Lenguaje de Modelado Unificado para la ingeniería web. Resultados: aplicación web que permite la gestión de la información asociada a las transfusiones de sangre realizadas en el hospital, posibilitando la organización y centralización de la información correspondiente en una base de datos manipulada y controlada por los propios prestadores de servicios. Conclusiones: la base para la informatización del proceso de gestión de las transfusiones en una unidad hospitalaria, facilitando el proceso y la toma de decisiones terapéuticas, dando la información en tiempo real de forma rápida y efectiva.


ABSTRACT Introduction: transfusion services along with the processing and analysis of blood components, reception of transfusion requests, blood transfusions, registration of transfusion reactions and the follow-up of transfused patients at Abel Santamaría Cuadrado General Teaching Hospital generate a large volume of information every day. Computerization will allow: optimizing the use of blood units, improved the monitoring of transfused patients speeding-up the decision-making process as well. Objective: to develop a programming tool and an associated database to contribute to the information management process related to blood transfusions at Abel Santamaría Cuadrado, General Teaching Hospital in Pinar del Río province. Methods: this is a Technological Innovation Research on the transfusion management process in a chosen hospital of Pinar del Río, applying theoretical methods such as historical-logical and analysis of the documents related to this process, Extreme Programming has been used as a development methodology and the specifications of the Unified Modeling Language for web engineering. Results: the web application allows the management of information associated with blood transfusions in the hospital, enabling the organization and centralization of the corresponding information in a database operated and controlled by the service providers themselves. Conclusions: the basis for the computerization of blood-transfusion management process in a hospital unit facilitates the procedure and the therapeutic decision making, giving information in real time promptly and effectively.

7.
Rev. cuba. inform. méd ; 10(2)jul.-dic. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1003896

ABSTRACT

A pesar de constatar el carácter entrópico del desarrollo de teorías en torno a la Administración, las más recientes enfocan la organización o institución como un sistema compuesto por subsistemas que interactúan entre sí y con el ambiente externo. Muchas son las herramientas que se han propuesto para su gestión, donde la Teoría de las Restricciones ha cobrado un gran auge y ha ganado gran aceptación. Esta propone la determinación de las condiciones en cualquier proceso organizacional que limitan el crecimiento hacia el estado siempre deseado por una organización, conocido como cualidad sistémica; y en función de ello tomar decisiones que coadyuven a llegar a ella. En este trabajo se muestra el análisis de la situación límite relacionada con la administración de los sistemas y servicios informáticos de la Facultad de Tecnología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba. Para ello se utilizaron como métodos teóricos el análisis y síntesis, e histórico - lógico; y como métodos empíricos: la observación científica, la encuesta, y la revisión de documentos. Por último, se proponen acciones de transformación - adaptación que permitan elevar la posibilidad de satisfacer las necesidades detectadas y por ende crecer la cualidad sistémica de dicha institución(AU)


Despite the entropic nature of the development of theories around the Administration, the most recent ones focus the organization or institution as a system composed of subsystems that interact with each other and with the environment. Many management tools have emerged for example the Theory of Constraints, which has become a boom and has gained wide acceptance. It states to find all those conditions in the organizational environment that could restrict the growth to the always desired state of any organization, known as systemic quality; and in accordance with that state, to make decisions that could allow reaching it. In this paper the restrict situation related to the management of computer systems and services shown in the Faculty of Technology of the University of Medical Sciences of Santiago de Cuba is analysed. For that purpose, some theoretical methods were used such as: analysis and synthesis, and historical and logical one; and some empiric methods, for example: scientific observation, surveys, and bibliography review. Finally, some transformation and adaptation activities are proposed, to help to increase the possibility of satisfy the identified needs and thus increase the systemic quality of the institution(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Medical Informatics Applications , Telematics , Cuba
8.
Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol ; 20(1): 67-73, Jan.-Feb. 2017. fig
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-843836

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: to develop a mobile app to quickly and safely identify frailty syndrome features among the elderly. Method: a cross-sectional study was conducted. The application was developed for the Android platform in the Java programming language and XML markup. The study instrument was based on five frailty phenotype criteria. The tests were conducted with 20 elderly persons living in a long-term care facility. Results: the twenty elderly persons had a mean age of 76.55 (±9.5) years. Thirteen were identified as frail, five were pre-frail and two were non-frail. The comparison of the results of the instruments of analysis coincided in the general evaluation of frailty and in the individual identification of the five criteria. Conclusion: the data suggests that the use of the application for the evaluation of frailty among the elderly was performed safely, with the advantage of quick access to allow the monitoring of the clinical status and prognosis of the patient.


Resumo Objetivo: desenvolver um aplicativo para dispositivos móveis com o intuito de identificar de maneira rápida e segura as características da síndrome de fragilidade em idosos. Método: estudo transversal quantitativo. O aplicativo foi desenvolvido para a plataforma Android, em linguagem de programação Java e marcação em XML. Os fundamentos utilizados foram baseados nos cinco parâmetros para definição do fenótipo de fragilidade. Os testes foram realizados com 20 idosos residentes em uma instituição de longa permanência. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 76,55 (±9,5) anos. Dentre os 20 idosos investigados, 13 foram classificados como frágeis, cinco pré-frágeis e dois não frágeis. A comparação dos resultados entre os instrumentos de análise coincidiram na avaliação geral da fragilidade e na identificação dos cinco critérios individualmente. Conclusão: a utilização do aplicativo para avaliação da fragilidade em idosos foi feita de maneira segura, com a vantagem do acesso rápido às informações para acompanhamento do quadro clínico e prognóstico do paciente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Computer Systems , Decision Making, Computer-Assisted , Frail Elderly , Software Validation
9.
J. health inform ; 8(2): 41-48, abr.-jun. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1094

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Definir o que é a avaliação de SIS, descrevendo os aspectos considerados e os métodos aplicados. Método: Revisão sistemática na base de dados PubMed no período de janeiro de 2004 a junho de 2014. Resultados: A maioria dos estudos avaliou os aspectos da usabilidade, eficácia e qualidade da informação. Em 29% dos estudos foi encontrada aplicação de métodos combinados com: satisfação e aceitação do usuário; questionários; usabilidade; e entrevista com o grupo. Avaliação da funcionalidade; do impacto; usabilidade e desempenho clínico/diagnóstico são utilizados de forma isolada. Conclusão: É fundamental ter bem claro o que será avaliado no SIS, sendo essencial conhecer os aspectos envolvidos, os métodos existentes e como são aplicados.


Objectives: To define what is the assessment of HIS, describing the aspects considered and the methods applied. Methods: Systematic review in PubMed database from January 2004 to June 2014. Results: Most studies evaluating aspects of usability, efficacy and quality of information. In 29% of studies were applied methods together with: satisfaction and user acceptance; questionnaires; usability; and interview with the group. Reviewed functionality; impact; usability and clinical/diagnostic performance were generally used separated. Conclusion: It is essential to have clear what it will be evaluated in the SIS, and to know the aspects involved, the existing methods and how they are applied.


Objetivos: Definir qué es la evaluación del SIS, describir los aspectos considerados y los métodos aplicados. Métodos: Revisión sistemática de la base de datos PubMed de enero 2004 a junio 2014. Resultados: La mayoría de los estudios evaluaron los aspectos de usabilidad, la eficacia y la calidad de la información. En 29% de los estudios se encontró la aplicación de métodos combinados con: satisfacción y aceptación de los usuarios; cuestionarios; facilidad de uso; y una entrevista con el grupo. La evaluación de  funcionalidad; impacto; usabilidad y el rendimiento clínico / diagnóstico se utilizan de forma aislada. Conclusión: Es esencial tener claro los objetivos de la evaluación del SIS, además es esencial conocer los aspectos involucrados, los métodos existentes y cómo éstos son aplicados.


Subject(s)
Health Evaluation/methods , Database , Health Information Systems
10.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 92(2): 188-196, Mar.-Apr. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-779888

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: This study investigated the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms in high school adolescents from public schools and its association with electronic device use. Methods: The sample consisted of 961 boys and girls aged 14–19 years who answered a questionnaire regarding the use of computers and electronic games, and questions about pain symptoms and physical activity. Furthermore, anthropometric assessments of all volunteers were performed. The chi-squared test and a multiple logistic regression model were used for the inferential analysis. Results: The presence of musculoskeletal pain symptoms was reported by 65.1% of the adolescents, being more prevalent in the thoracolumbar spine (46.9%), followed by pain in the upper limbs, representing 20% of complaints. The mean time of use for computers and electronic games was 1.720 and 583 minutes per week, respectively. The excessive use of electronic devices was demonstrated to be a risk factor for cervical and lumbar pain. Female gender was associated with the presence of pain in different body parts. Presence of a paid job was associated with cervical pain. Conclusion: A high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in adolescents, as well as an increased amount of time using digital devices was observed. However, it was only possible to observe an association between the increased use of these devices and the presence of cervical and low back pain.


Resumo Objetivo: Investigar a presença de sintomas musculoesqueléticos em adolescentes estudantes do ensino médio em escolas públicas e sua associação com o uso de dispositivos eletrônicos. Método: A amostra foi composta por 961 meninos e meninas entre 14 e 19 anos que responderam questionário sobre o uso de computadores, jogos eletrônicos e questões relacionadas a sintomas dolorosos e atividade física. Além disso, todos os voluntários foram submetidos à avaliação antropométrica. Para análise inferencial foram usados os testes de qui-quadrado e modelo múltiplo de regressão logística. Resultados: A presença de sintomas de dor musculoesquelética foi reportada por 65,1% dos adolescentes, mais prevalente na coluna toracolombar (46,9%), seguida por dor nos membros superiores (20%). O tempo médio de uso de computador e jogos eletrônicos foi de 1.720 e 583 minutos por semana, respectivamente. O uso excessivo dos dispositivos eletrônicos mostrou-se como fator de risco para dor cervical e lombar. O sexo feminino apresentou associação com a presença de dor em diferentes partes do corpo. A atividade profissional esteve associada com a dor cervical. Conclusão: Observou-se alta prevalência de dor musculoesquelética nos adolescentes e elevado tempo de uso dos dispositivos eletrônicos. Entretanto, foi possível observar somente a associação do uso excessivo desses dispositivos e a presença de dor cervical e lombar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Computers/statistics & numerical data , Video Games/statistics & numerical data , Musculoskeletal Pain/etiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Time Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Electrical Equipment and Supplies/adverse effects , Musculoskeletal Pain/epidemiology
11.
J. health inform ; 8(supl.I): 195-202, 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-906242

ABSTRACT

Avaliar a percepção dos usuários em relação ao uso do sistema de informação quanto à aceitação da tecnologia e ajuste tarefa-tecnologia. MÉTODO: Aplicação de uma pesquisa em todas as 3.026 Unidades Básicas de Saúde que usam o sistema de informação do Programa de Triagem Neonatal do Estado de Minas Gerais. RESULTADOS: Levando-se em consideração uma escala likert variável de -1 a 1, todos os constructos do modelo apresentaram média superior a 0,7 indicando concordância aos questionamentos. Nas 8.316 respostas, os 308 profissionais respondentes tenderam em média a concordar que o sistema de informação é útil, fácil de usar e se ajusta às suas tarefas. CONCLUSÃO: As hipóteses foram confirmadas ea investigação dos fatores que influenciam na percepção do usuário pode contribuir no uso da tecnologia e gerar subsídios importantes para decisão dos gestores, no caso envolvido e em outros casos onde a aceitação da tecnologia é relevante.


To evaluate the health professional users´ perception of information system use, regarding the acceptance of technology and task-technology fit by the users. METHOD: Application survey in all 3,026 basic health units registered and using the Newborn Screening Program information system of Minas Gerais state. RESULTS: Taking into account a Likert scale variable -1 to 1, all model constructs had an average higher than 0.7 indicating agreement to questions. In the 8,316 responses, 308 professional respondents tended on average to agree that the information system is useful, easy to use and fits their tasks. CONCLUSION: The hypotheses were confirmed and the investigation of the factors that influence the perception of the user cangive important information for decision managers in investment issues in information systems for health.


Subject(s)
Humans , Unified Health System , Computer Systems , Health Information Systems , Congresses as Topic
12.
Rev. bioét. (Impr.) ; 23(2): 238-243, maio-ago. 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-756498

ABSTRACT

A partir del Juramento Hipocrático, la ética médica y la bioética se han ocupado de la confidencialidad y de la privacidad. Luego, el Principialismo las ha entendido como reglas bioéticas derivadas de la autonomía entendida como autogobierno. El derecho positivo también se ha ocupado de ellas. Entre las normativas legales relacionadas con el tema, se destaca en Argentina la Ley 25.326 de protección de datos, por su relación con la práctica médica y la investigación. Ésta tiene su base en el habeas data, garantía constitucional que permite a las personas pedir explicaciones a los organismos públicos o privados que poseen datos o información sobre ellas y en el artículo 19 de la Constitución Nacional.


Desde o Juramento de Hipócrates, a bioética e a ética médica têm-se ocupado da confidencialidade e privacidade. Mais tarde, foram consideradas pelo principialismo regras bioéticas derivadas da autonomia, entendida como autogoverno. O direito positivo também se ocupou delas. Entre as normas legais relativas ao assunto existe, na Argentina, a Lei 25.326 de protecção de dados, importante por sua relação com a prática médica e pesquisa. Ela tem no habeas data garantia constitucional que permite que as pessoas procurem explicações de organismos públicos ou privados que tenham dados ou informações sobre elas, com base também no artigo 19 da Constituição.


Since the Hippocratic Oath, medical ethics and bioethics have been concerned with confidentiality and privacy. Thereafter, principialism has understood them as bioethical rules derived from bioethical rules derived from the autonomy understood as self-governance. Positive law is also concerned with them. Among the legal norms related to the topic, Argentinian Law 25,326, on protection of data because of their relationship with medical practice and research, stands out. It is grounded in habeas data, the constitutional guarantee that permits persons to request explanations from public or private bodies that have data or information regarding them, and in Article 19 of the National Congress.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Confidentiality , Decision Making , Ethics, Medical , Patient Rights , Personal Autonomy , Privacy , Anthropology , Health Personnel , Jurisprudence , Communication , Sociology
13.
J. health inform ; 7(2): 47-57, abr.-jun. 2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-749238

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem computacional para recomendar exercícios fisioterápicos a partir das análises da amplitude de movimento capturada em tempo real por meio de um sensor de movimento (MS-KinectTM). Com intuíto de se obter uma recomendação de novos exercícios com base no histórico do paciente durante o tratamento de uma patologia. Os dados do movimento capturado são processados e analisados, fornecendo uma segunda opnião ao terapeuta sobre o caso. Para avaliar a aplicabilidade e viabilidade do sistema, foi aplicado um teste com 20 sujeitos em tratamento da dor lombar (lombalgia mecânica), e o conjunto de dados foi análisado por outros 5 fisioterapeutas que sugeriram exercícios, catalogados na base de dados do sistema. Foi utilizado um método agrupamento de dados sobre as amplitudes de movimento em relação ao índice de incapacidade de movimento e as medidas antropométricas dos sujeitos. E novamente outro técnica de inteligência computacional para recomendar os novos exercícios. Nas conclusões evidencia-se com certo grau de certeza a viabilidade do sistema e sua sugestão de aplicação das técnicas nele contida para recomendação de outros tratamento de patologias de disfunções musculares...


This paper presents a computational approach to recommend physical therapy from the analysis of the range of motion captured in real time by means of a motion sensor (MS-KinectTM). With goal to obtain a recommendation of new exercises based on the history of the patient during the treatment of a condition. The captured motion data is processed and analyzed, providing a second opinion the therapist about the case. To evaluate the applicability and feasibility of the system, we applied a test with 20 subjects in treatment of low back pain (mechanical low back pain), and the data set was parsed by other 5 physiotherapists who suggested exercises cataloged in the database system. A method of grouping data on range of motion in relation to the disability index of motion and anthropometric measurements of the subjects was used. Again another technique of computational intelligence to recommend the new exercises. In conclusion, it is evident with some degree of certainty the viability of the system and its application techniques contained therein for recommending other treatment of diseases of muscle disorders...


Este artículo presenta un enfoque computacional para recomendar la terapia física a partir del análisis de la amplitud de movimiento capturado en tiempo real por medio de un sensor de movimiento (MS-KinectTM). Con el objetivo de obtener una recomendación de nuevos ejercicios basados en la historia de la paciente durante el tratamiento de una condición. Los datos de captura de movimiento es procesada y analizada, que proporciona una segunda opinión el terapeuta sobre el caso. Para evaluar la aplicabilidad y viabilidad del sistema, se aplicó una prueba con 20 sujetos en el tratamiento del dolor lumbar (lumbalgia mecánica), y el conjunto de datos se ha analizado por otros 5 fisioterapeutas que sugirieron ejercicios catalogados en el sistema de base de datos. Se utilizó un método de agrupación de datos en el rango de movimiento en relación con el índice de discapacidad de movimiento y las medidas antropométricas de los sujetos. Y también otra técnica de inteligencia computacional para recomendar los nuevos ejercicios. En conclusión, es evidente con algún grado de certeza la viabilidad del sistema y su sugerencia de aplicar las técnicas contenidas recomendación para el tratamiento de otros trastornos de disfunciones musculares en el mismo...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Low Back Pain/therapy , Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine , Computer Systems , Decision Making , Observational Study
14.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 18(1): 123-136, Jan-Mar/2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-736435

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar a completitude dos campos de notificações dos agravos à saúde do trabalhador registrados em um município polo industrial brasileiro no período de 01/01/2007 a 31/12/2011. MÉTODOS: Pesquisa descritiva baseada em dados secundários e composta pela totalidade de registros relacionados ao trabalho (n = 2.345) no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação, utilizando critérios preconizados pelo Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems do Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Verificou-se a completitude dos campos presentes nas fichas de notificação e investigação por meio do percentual de campos preenchidos, do coeficiente de correlação de Spearman e de análise gráfica. RESULTADOS: Foi identificado um decréscimo no percentual de preenchimento para a maioria dos campos essenciais (n = 18; 64%). O grau de completitude dos campos obrigatórios foi elevado (> 85%), constatando-se que a maior parte dos campos não discriminados teve um preenchimento entre 0 e 25% e índices variados para os campos essenciais (0 - 98%). Foi verificada importante variabilidade na completitude dos campos essenciais, observando-se três variáveis com correlação negativa e significativa (r s= -0,9; p = 0,0347) e apenas uma com correlação positiva e também significativa. CONCLUSÃO: A qualidade da maioria dos dados armazenados foi classificada como regular a excelente para variáveis importantes quanto ao delineamento das condições de saúde do trabalhador e à deflagração de ações de vigilância. Todavia, recomenda-se o uso rotineiro de avaliações da qualidade dos dados dos sistemas de informação em saúde do trabalhador no Sistema Único de Saúde. .


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the completeness of workers health problems notification fields registered in a Brazilian municipal industrial hub in the period from January 1st, 2007 to December 31st, 2011. METHODS: Descriptive study based on secondary data and composed of all records related to work (n = 2,345 ) in the National Disease Notification System, using criteria recommended by the Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems created by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The completeness of the fields present in the research and report forms was assessed by the percentage of filled fields, the Spearman correlation coefficient and graphical analysis. RESULTS: In most of the essential fields it was identified a decrease in the percentage of filling (n = 18; 64%). The degree of completeness of compulsory fields was high (> 85%); most of the non-discriminated fields were 0 - 25% filled; there were variable indexes for key fields (0 - 98%). Considerable variability was observed in the completeness of the key fields, having three variables with significant negative correlation (rs = -0.9; p = 0.0347). Only one variable showed significant positive correlation. CONCLUSION: The quality of most of the stored data was classified as regular to excellent for important variables on the design of worker health and surveillance actions. However, we recommend routine quality data assessments in workers health information systems in the Unified Health System. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Occupational Health , Brazil , Time Factors
15.
Healthcare Informatics Research ; : 102-110, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-70028

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To design a cloud computing-based Healthcare Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) Platform (HSP) for delivering healthcare information services with low cost, high clinical value, and high usability. METHODS: We analyzed the architecture requirements of an HSP, including the interface, business services, cloud SaaS, quality attributes, privacy and security, and multi-lingual capacity. For cloud-based SaaS services, we focused on Clinical Decision Service (CDS) content services, basic functional services, and mobile services. Microsoft's Azure cloud computing for Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) and Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) was used. RESULTS: The functional and software views of an HSP were designed in a layered architecture. External systems can be interfaced with the HSP using SOAP and REST/JSON. The multi-tenancy model of the HSP was designed as a shared database, with a separate schema for each tenant through a single application, although healthcare data can be physically located on a cloud or in a hospital, depending on regulations. The CDS services were categorized into rule-based services for medications, alert registration services, and knowledge services. CONCLUSIONS: We expect that cloud-based HSPs will allow small and mid-sized hospitals, in addition to large-sized hospitals, to adopt information infrastructures and health information technology with low system operation and maintenance costs.


Subject(s)
Commerce , Computer Systems , Decision Support Systems, Clinical , Delivery of Health Care , Electronic Health Records , Information Services , Medical Informatics , Medical Order Entry Systems , Privacy , Soaps , Social Control, Formal
16.
J. health inform ; 6(2): 53-69, abr.-jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-724288

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Desenvolver uma ferramenta automatizada para reconhecimento dos segmentos sem presença de voz durante a fonação do paciente com base na sustentação do Pitch. Método: Os procedimentos para construção e verificação da técnica são a aquisição da voz, janelamento, aplicação da Transformada Discreta de Fourier, detecção do Pitch e a verificação do Pitch. Resultados: Com a análise das 101 vozes, a ferramenta diagnosticou 56 vozes com Distonia Laríngea e 45 como saudáveis. Já o especialista diagnosticou 53 vozes com Distonia Laríngea e 48 como vozes saudáveis. Conclusão: Os resultados demonstraram que o diagnóstico realizado pela ferramenta e pelo especialista são equivalentes e, portanto, a proposta de utilizar a sustentação do Pitch como métrica para reconhecimento da patologia mostrou-se eficiente...


Objectives: Develop an automated tool for recognition of segments without the presence of voice during phonation of the patient based on Pitch sustainment. Method: The procedures for construction and verification of the technique are the acquisition of voice, windowing, application of Discrete Fourier Transform, the Pitch detection and verification of Pitch. Results: With the analysis of 101 voices, the tool diagnosed 56 voices with laryngeal dystonia and 45 as healthy. Already the specialist diagnosed 53 voices with laryngeal dystonia and 48 voices as healthy. Conclusion: The results showed that the diagnosis made by the tool and specialist is equivalent and therefore the proposed use of the Pitch sustainment as a measure for the recognition of the pathology was effective...


Objetivos: Desarrollar una herramienta automatizada para el reconocimiento de segmentos sin la presencia de la voz durante la fonación basado en el apoyo de la Pitch. Método: Los procedimientos para la construcción y la verificación de la técnica son la adquisición de la voz, de ventanas, la aplicación de la Transformada Discreta de Fourier, la detección de tono y la verificación de Pitch. Resultados: Con el análisis de 101 voces, la herramienta ha diagnosticado 56 voces con distonía laríngea y 45 lo más saludable. Ya el especialista diagnostica 53 voces con distonía laríngea y 48 voces tan saludables. Conclusión: Los resultados mostraron que el diagnóstico realizado por la herramienta y por el especialista son equivalentes y por lo tanto el uso propuesto de la Pitch apoyo como una métrica para el reconocimiento de la patología fue eficiente...


Subject(s)
Humans , Speech Acoustics , Medical Informatics Applications , Dystonia/diagnosis , Laryngeal Diseases/diagnosis , Computer Systems
17.
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ; (53): 1404-1415, 2014.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-445423

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:Computer-assisted navigation technique has been widely applied in spinal surgery, but there is stil lack of systematic reviews on this technique in lumbar pedicle screw fixation. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the application of computer-assisted navigation technique in lumbar pedicle screw fixation. METHODS:Databases such as PubMed, Embase and China journal ful-text database CNKI were searched for articles about computer-assisted navigation in lumbar pedicle screw fixation, and related studies and literatures were hand-searched as wel , and then insertion accuracy, intraoperative blood loss, operative time consumption and rate of insertion-related complications between computer-assisted navigation technique group and conservative technique group were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Final y 7 studies which met the inclusion criteria were included with 784 patients and 4 101 lumbar pedicle screws in total. Meta-analysis indicated that malposition rate [relative risk (RR)=0.44, 95%confidence interval (CI):(0.27, 0.69), P=0.000 4] and intraoperative blood loss [weighted mean difference (WMD)=-172.40, 95%CI:(-246.26,-98.53), P<0.000 01] had statistical y significant differences between computer-assisted navigation technique group and conservative insertion group. However, operative time consumption [WMD=-31.45, 95%CI:(-85.56, 22.66), P=0.25] and incidence of complications [RR=0.41, 95%CI:(0.12, 1.41), P=0.16] did not show significant differences between groups. Application of computer-assisted navigation technique in lumbar pedicle screw fixation would improve insertion accuracy. However, further study is stil needed to make clear whether this technique can improve final outcome in post-operative patients.

18.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 16(4): 966-975, dez. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-702102

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Epidemiological research has been adhering to new technologies, such as computer systems, and using the Internet as a tool. Usability is a characteristic of a specific product concerning the facility to use it, its speed and the facility to learn how to use it. It should also not present errors, or these must be easy to solve, in case they occur, thus providing high satisfaction to users. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usability of the "System of health and nutrition monitoring - nutrition of school children" (NUTRISIM). METHODS: A sample of 17 Information Technology professionals evaluated the system and answered the "Questionnaire for System Usability", which determines the level of usability of systems by the Fuzzy Logic. The questionnaire contains 30 questions, which are divided into six metrics. The usability of the system determines six usability criteria in a large Fuzzy scale. RESULTS: With the exception of the metric "error control", all metrics were analyzed as "very good". The metrics "error control", "efficiency" and "satisfaction" presented medium amplitude, which is a better result in relation to the metrics "easy to learn", "easy to remember" and "effectiveness", which was assessed as "high". CONCLUSION: The study showed that the system is easy to be learned and used, but the answers are scattered. The instrument proved to be a useful tool to monitor and evaluate health and dietary intake in epidemiologic studies. .


INTRODUÇÃO: As pesquisas epidemiológicas vêm aderindo a novas tecnologias, tais como sistemas computadorizados, e utilizando a Internet como ferramenta. A usabilidade é uma característica de um determinado produto relativo à facilidade de uso, à rapidez para aprender a usá-lo, ao fato de não gerar erros ou à facilidade de resolução dos mesmos, caso ocorram, oferecendo um alto grau de satisfação para seus usuários. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a usabilidade do "Sistema de monitoramento da saúde e alimentação - nutrição do escolar" (NUTRISIM). METÓDOS: A avaliação do sistema foi realizada pela Lógica Fuzzy, através do "Questionário para Usabilidade de Sistemas", composto por 30 questões que se dividiam em seis métricas, respondido por 17 profissionais de Tecnologia da Informação. A avaliação da usabilidade do sistema consiste em determinar, para cada um dos seis critérios de usabilidade, um conceito na escala Fuzzy. RESULTADOS: Todas as métricas obtiveram avaliação "muito boa" com exceção da relacionada com o "controle de erros". As amplitudes referentes às métricas "controle de erros", "eficiência" e "satisfação" foram consideradas com designação "média", melhor resultado do que para as métricas "facilidade de aprender", "facilidade de relembrar" e "eficácia", que apresentaram classificação "alta". CONCLUSÃO: Pode-se perceber que o sistema é fácil de aprender e de usar, porém apresenta dispersão entre as respostas. O instrumento mostrou ser uma ferramenta útil para a avaliação e monitoramento da saúde e do consumo alimentar em pesquisas epidemiológicas de pequeno a grande porte. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Nutrition Surveys , Software , Surveys and Questionnaires , Epidemiologic Studies
19.
J. health inform ; 4(3): 87-94, jul.-set. 2012. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-683543

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho mostra uma avaliação heurística da interface do Sistema de Captura de Movimentos (MoCap) realizado por profissionais de saúde (fisioterapeutas) no intuito de promover a melhoria contínua do software bem como elucidar como as técnicas de rastreio de movimentos com a tecnologia de Realidade Aumentada pode trazer uma vantagem estratégica para pequenas clínicas. Também são levantadas as deficiências desta tecnologia e proposto algumas práticas que podem mitiga-las.


This paper shows a heuristic interface evaluation of Motion Capture System (MoCap) conducted by physiotherapists in order to promote continuous improvement of the software as well as elucidate the techniques of tracking movements with the Augmented Reality technology can provide a strategic advantage to small clinics. Also raised are the shortcomings of this technology and proposed some practices that can mitigate them.


En este trabajo se muestra una evaluación heurística de la interfaz del sistema de captura de movimiento (Mocap) llevada a cabo por profesionales de la salud (fisioterapeutas) con el fin de promover la mejora continua de los programas, así como dilucidar las técnicas de rastreo de movimientos con la tecnología de Realidad Aumentada puede proporcionar una ventaja estratégica para pequeñas clínicas. También se planteó son las deficiencias de esta tecnología y propuso algunas prácticas que pueden mitigarlos.


Subject(s)
Motion , Rehabilitation Services , Computer Systems , Software
20.
Chinese Journal of Digestion ; (12): 159-163, 2012.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-428575

ABSTRACT

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mosapride in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Methods Papers of PubMed,EMBASE,OVID,VIP Database and WANGFANG Data were searched and reviewed according to international Cochrane Collaboration.Results A total of 21 trials (1666 patients) were included.The treatment group was with mosapride and PPI,the control group was with single PPI or PPI and placebo.The Results of Meta analysis showed:for non-erosive negative reflux disease,there was no significant difference in efficacy between two groups.As for erosive esophagitis treated with mosapride (5mg):There was no significant difference in the 4-week healing rates between treatment group and control group (P =0.06).The 4-week symptom relief rate of treatment group was better than that of control group (P<0.01).The 6-week healing rate of treatment group was better than that of control group (P<0.01).The 6-week symptom relief rate of treatment group was better than that of control group (P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the 8-week healing rate of esophagitis between treatment group and control group (P =0.05).The 8-week symptom relief rate of treatment group was better than that of control group (P<0.01).For erosive esophagitis treated with mosapride 10mg,.The 8-week symptom relief rate of treatment group was better than that of control group (P=0.02).Conclusion According to the meta-analysis of these 21 trails,mosapride was safe and effective in the treatment of GERD.However due to the quality of the literatures,the above findings should be treated with caution.

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL